Self filling and dumping truck



Jan. 7, 1930. w, J, ZAJKOWSKI 1,742,798

SELF FILLING AND DUMPING TRUCK Filed Jan. 12. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet lrllllII/IIIIA 77 AT TO R N E Y '1 r 1 I I 4 I r I i i Jan. 7, 1930. w.J. ZAJKOWSKI 1,742,798

SELF FILLING AND DUMPING TRUCK Filed Jan. 12, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 5fMiler JZfl/ZWWSZZ INVENTOR A1 TORNEY Patented Jan, 7, 1930 1 i 1,742,798

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WALTER J. ZAJKOWSKI, OF LINOLEUMVILLE, YORKSELF FILLING AND DUMPING TRUCK Application filed January 12, '1927.Serial No. 160,752.

This invention relates to improvements in view through the front end ofthe body in the trucks and has particular reference to self positionshown in Figure 1 of the drawing. filling and dumping trucks. Figure 4is' a' vertical transverse sectional The primary object of the inventionresides View on the line 1-4.- of Figure 2. I

5 in a truck which is adapted to scoop up dirt, Figures 5 and 6 aredetail sectional views of 55 gravel, snow or the like which may be deaslightly modified form of driving means. posited in the path of movementof the same, Figure 7 is a view showing a modified form therebyeliminating the expense of: labor now of hoisting and lowering means.employed for manually filling the same. I Figure 8 is a furthermodification showing Another object of the invention is to prothe selffilling and dumping body applied to 60 vide a truck having a pivotedbody capable of a wagon structure. movement to either a filling positionat which Figure 9 is a top plan view of the same. time the front end ofthe body is lowered into Figure 10 is a vertical transverse sectionalengagement with the ground to scoop up ma view on the line 1010 ofFigure 8.

'1 terial therefrom, or to an intermediate posi- Figure 11 is a detailsectional view showing 65 tion at which time the level-of the body isthe manner in which the body maybe held parallel to the ground fortransporting the in a carrying position. v scooped-up material, or to aposition with the Referring more particularly to the drawfront endelevated and the rear end lowered ings, and especially to Figures 1 to 4infor dumping the contents of the body. elusive, the reference numeral10 designates a 70 A further object of the invention is thepromotortruck including a chassis frame 11 havvision of a self filling anddumping body ing its side rails 11 disposed parallel to each which maybe used in connection with either other and which support the usualmotor or a motor truck or"a horse drawn wagon. engine 12' at the frontthereof, the engine A still further object of the invention is to shaftof which is connected with the usual 75 provide a vehicle body adaptedto scoop up transmission 13 and differential 14, but material from theground when the front end which differential is disposed just behind andof the body is lowered into engagement therebelow the drivers seat orcab 15. Shafts 16 with, and which front end is normally closed extendfrom opposite sides of the difierenby a sliding 'door or gate which isautomatitial housing and are journalled in the side 80 I cally opened asthe front end is lowered to alrails 11' of the chassis-frame. The freeend low the scooped material to pass into the body of each shaft 16carries a beveled gear 17 for and whichdoor automatically closes uponthe a purpose to be presently explaine rising of the front end to retainthe contents The chassis frame 11 is supported upon within the body.front wheels 18 and rear wheels 19, which rear 5 WithQthese and otherobjects in view, the Wheels'are driven in a slightly differentmaninvention resides in certain novel construcner than now employed onmotor vehicles and tion and combination and arrangement of which willnow be described. I parts, the essential features of which are here- Journalled in bearin s 20 provided on the inafter fully described, areparticularly outside of the side 0 annel bars 11' are 9 pointed out inthe appended claims, and are shafts 21 which are disposed parallel tothe illustrated in .the accompanying drawing, in side rails and whichcarry beveled gears or which pinions 22 and 23 on the respective oppo-Figure 1 is a side elevation of my motor site ends, the pinions 23co-acting with the truck showing the body in a filling position inbeveled gears 24 fixed to stub shafts 25, which full-lines,andinadumpingpositionindotted shafts also carry, sprocket wheels 26:

lines. Sprocket chains 2 ass over the s rocket Figure 2 is a top planview of the truck Wheels 26 and over larger sprocket w eels 28 with thebody in a normal position. fixedto the axle 29'on which the rear wheelsFigure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional are mounted. loo

1 From the description thus far it willv be understood that the vehicleis driven by the motor 12 throughthe transmission 13, differential 14,shafts 16, gearsi17 and 22, shafts21, gears 23 and24, sprockets 26chains 27 and sprockets 28 to the axle 29. The truck may 'be driveneitherin a forward or backward operationby the'manual. operation of thetransmission in the usualmanner.

{A bodyf30 is pivotally mounted adjacent the rear of the chassis frameas at 31 and which body comprises front and rear scraper 7 blades 32 and33 respectively, the rear scraper of the body, but which gate is loweredp or snow by backing the truck into blade being connected with a tailgate 34 of the body and which are disposed in the path of the side rails11. When the body is in a normal horizontal position or in dumpingposition, the door rests upon the bottom of the body by reason of itsown weight, but asthe front end of the body is dropped to the full lineposition shown in Figure 1 of the drawing, the arms 36 strike the siderails 11' which automatically lifts the gate to allow material to bescooped up and passed into the body.

The interior of the body is divided intotwo separate compartments byswinging doors 38, one pivoted above the other and which co-act toprovide a partition when the body is in a horizontal or loweredposition. The doors swing backward so that they open auto matically asthe material is scooped up which forces them to swing open and whichdoors also swing open when the body is in a dumping position.

For lifting and lowering the front end of the body, I provide a hoistingmechanism 39 which comprises spaced beams 40 which are mounted upon theside rails of the chassis frame and whiclTbeams support a shaft 41 atthe top thereof and which shaft carries spaced pulley wheels 42. A shaft43 is ournalled in the lower end of the beams an has pulley wheels 44fixedly mounted thereon. The. pulley Wheels 42 and 44 receive an endlesscable or chain 45 and to one end of which suspension cables 46 areconnected, the other ends of the cables 46 being fixedly connected tothe truck body. The suspension cables 46 move with the cables 45 toadjustably support the front end of the body.

For imparting movement to the cables 45 in order to adjust the ositionof the body- 30, I provide a gear 47 w ich is fixedly mounted on one endif the shaft 43 and which is constantly in mesh with an idler gear 48rotatably mounted upon the lower end of a control lever 49. JThe gears47 and 48 are disposed in the same plane as the driven gear 50 carriedby one of the shafts 16 whereby rotation may be transmitted from thedriven shaft 16 to the shaft 43 to cause movement of the endless cable45. The idler gear 48 is normally. out'of co-actin engagement with thegear 40 and is held out by a spring pressed pin 51 carried by the outerend of the lever 49 and which lever is pivotally .mounted upon the shaft43. The pin is received in any one of a-plurality of openings 52provided with a segment 53 mounted on one side of the cab 15 for lockingthe lever in an operative or inoperative position.

For supporting the body in a horizontal 'or carrying position, I providehooks 76 on the sides of the chassis frame for engagement with ins 77 onthe sides of the body. The pins 0 earthe chassis frame during the raismof the body for dumping purposes.

n practice, the lever is operated to throw the hoisting mechanism intooperation whereby to raise the body 30 to a horizontal position or inthe dumping position as shown in dotted lines in Figure 1 of thedrawings. Also upon the operation of the lever 49, the front end of thebody may be dropped to a scooping position as shown in full lines inFigure 1 of the drawings. When in scooping osition, the truck may bedriven forward 1nto a pile of dirt or snow, or may be run I over thesurface on which the material is spread. As the truck moves forward, theblade or scoop 32 drags upon the ground and causes the material to beforced backward into the body where it collectsuntil the same is full.Afterbeing filled, the body is raised to a horizontal osition and thetruck driven to the place w ere the contents are to be dumped. Thehoisting apparatus is again put in operation to lift the body to theposition shown in dotted lines in Figure 1 of the drawings, at whichtime the tail gate 34 is dropped and the contents permitted to slidefrom the rear end of the body. I

In Figure 5 of the drawing, I have shown a slightly modified form of themanner of mountingL the drive shafts 21, that is by concealing t e samewithin the channel bars 11 of the chassis frame. The gears 17 and 22 arealso concealed by applying a cover plate 54 to the open side of thechannel bar.

In Figure 6 of the drawing, a further modified form has been shown. Inthis form, the channel bar 11' isof inverted U-sha e in cross sectionand in which a sprocket w eel 17" is housed and which is fixed tothe'shaft 16'. A chain 55 passes over the sprocket 17 and leads to asprocket which may be substituted forthe pinion ferred form.

In Figure 7, I have shown a modified form of hoisting means 39' whichcomprises a lazy tongs structure 56, one end of which is connected withthe body of the truck, while the free ends of the other end of the lazytongs are connected to two internally screw threaded collars 57 whichco-act with oppositely threaded portions 58 provided on a shaft 59journalled in bearings 60 which are mounted uponthe side rails of thechassis frame. A crank handle 61 is carried by one end of the shaft 58whereby turning movement of the shaft will impart opposite movements tothecollars 57. Upon the turning of the crank in one direction, thecollars will move toward each other to extend the lazy tongue structurein order to hoist the body a of the truck while movement in an oppositedirection will cause opposite movement of the collars 56 in order topermit of the lowering of the body.

In Figures 8,9 and 10, I have shown a further modified form in which abody 30 similar to that shown in the preferred form is pivotally mountedupona wagon chassis frame 62,

which is provided at its rear end with two sets of bearings 63 and 64which are disposed respectively above and below the chassis frame toallow either a small wheel or large wheel to be applied thereto. In thedrawing, a relatively small wheel has been shown as the rear wheels ofthe vehicle but a larger wheel has been shown in dotted lines and may beused without effecting the level of the chassis with respect to theground. In this form, a scraper 32 has been shown at the front of thebody and which is in the form of a saw edge in order to more thoroughlyscoop up the material.

In this form, it is necessary to devise some different construction ofhoisting means and for this purpose, I embody a rail or drum,

65 which is journalled in a pair of beams 40 which rise from thechassis, and mounted on a shaft 66 on which the drum is mountedis aratchet 67 engageable by a pawl 68 carried by an actuating lever 69,which lever is freely turnable upon the shaft 66. A dog 71 engages theratchet and prevents retrograde movement of the shaft and drum. One endof the cables 7 2 are wound about the drum and pass over pulleys 7 3mounted on a shaft 74; which is supported at the top end of the beams40. The free ends of the cables are connected to the front end of thebody whereby winding of the wheel or drum will cause lifting of thefront end of the body while unwinding of the reel will permit of thedropping of the hicle, a body pivoted adjacent one end there- 'the frontend of said body, and members extending from opposite sides of said doorabove the sides of said chassis, the sides of said chassis being. in thepath of downward movement of said members which engage the sides of saidchassis upon the lowering of said body into engagement with the groundfor effecting the opening of said door.

2. In combination with the chassis of a vehicle having side rails, abody pivoted thereto adjacent one endthereof "for swinging movementbetween said side rails, a scraper blade at the front ofsaid bodyco-extensive with the bottom wall thereof, means for normally supportingsaid body on a horizontal plane,lowering and hoisting means for resaidmembers which engage said side rails.

upon lowering of said body to cause the scraper blade to engage theground for effecting opening of said door to allow the material scoopedup by said scraper blade to pass into said body during forward movementof the vehicle in aforward direction.

3. In a vehicle having a chassis provided I with side rails, a tiltablebody supported by said chassis, a scraper blade at the front end of saidbody, a door slidably mounted at the front of said body,.and armsextending from said door above said side rails, said side rails being inthe path of downward movement of said arms which engage for engagementwith said side rails to effect the opening of said door upon the forwardtilting of saidbody to cause the scraper blade to engage the ground,said doordropping to a closed position under its own weight upon thereturn of said tiltable body to a raised position. In testimony whereofI have afiixed my signature.

v I XVtALTER J. ZAJKOWSKI.

